Ukuphula amasiko ukuze kufezekiswe okumangalisayo: Itekhnoloji yokugquma nge-laser idala "isikrweqe esiqinileyo" seepiston
Kwisiseko seshishini lanamhlanje – iinkqubo ze-hydraulic kunye ne-fluid – i-plunger, njengesixhobo esiphambili sokuhamba, esineempawu zomphezulu ezimisela ngokuthe ngqo ukuthembeka, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nobomi benkonzo yenkqubo yonke. Kangangexesha elide, ukuguguleka, ukubola, kunye nokudinwa kube yimingeni eqhelekileyo ejongene nee-plinders zemveli. Namhlanje, singathanda ukukwazisa iteknoloji yokuqinisa umphezulu eguqukayo: i-laser cladding. Ngeenzuzo zayo eziphambili "zokuchaneka kwinqanaba le-micrometer" kunye "nokubopha kwe-metallurgical-grade," le teknoloji ivula isahluko esitsha ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwe-plunger.
I. Imingeni Yemveli: Iingxaki Ekuchaseni Ukuguguleka Komphezulu We-Plunger
I-plunger idlula kwiintshukumo eziphindaphindayo kwiindawo ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu, ezinesantya esiphezulu, kunye nakwimidiya enzima, nto leyo ebangela ukuba umphezulu wayo uhlale uphantsi kokungqubana okukhulu kunye nefuthe. Nokuba yenziwe ngentsimbi ye-alloy esemgangathweni ophezulu, iinkqubo zonyango lobushushu zendabuko okanye iindlela zokuplata i-chrome eqinileyo zisenemida ebalulekileyo.
Ingubo incinci kakhulu (ngesiqhelo ingaphantsi kwama-50μm), kwaye ithambekele ekuqhekekeni phantsi kweemeko ezinzima.
Ingubo kunye nezinto ezisisiseko zibotshelelwe ngoomatshini kuphela, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ukuqhekeka kwe-dilamination kube lula.
Inkqubo yokufakelwa kwe-chrome ijongene nemingeni enzima yokukhusela okusingqongileyo.
Ixabiso lokutshintsha ngokupheleleyo i-plunger liphezulu kakhulu, kwaye ixesha lokungasebenzi elibangelwa yiyo liphumela kwilahleko enkulu.
Ezi mingcele ziye zaba yimiqobo evelele ethintela ukusebenza kwexesha elide nokuthembekileyo kweempompo ze-plunger.
II. Uguquko lweTekhnoloji: Yintoni i-laser cladding?
I-laser cladding, ebizwa ngokuba yi-"directional metallurgy," yindlela yobunjineli bomphezulu ephucukileyo esebenzisa imisebe ye-laser enamandla aphezulu ukunyibilikisa ngoko nangoko izinto ze-alloy ezisebenzayo kunye nomphezulu wezinto ezisisiseko, okuvumela ukuqina ngokukhawuleza kunye nokwenziwa komaleko oqinileyo, ongenazimbobo, ongenaziqhekeko.
Le nkqubo ifana "nokuwelda okuncinci": Phantsi kwesikhokelo senkqubo ye-CNC echanekileyo, umqadi welaser uhamba ngokuchanekileyo kwindlela emiselweyo, "ukudibanisa nokuluka" i-nanoscale tungsten carbide, i-cobalt-based, okanye i-nickel-based alloy powders kwiindawo ezithile zomphezulu we-plunger. Ubukhulu bomaleko we-cladding bunokulungiswa ngokulula ngaphakathi koluhlu lwe-0.2 ukuya kwi-3.0 mm, okwenza kube lula ukwenza ngokwezifiso ukusebenza - naphi na apho kufuneka khona ukuqinisa, ukuqinisa kusetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo.
III. Kutheni i-laser cladding "iyindlela engcono" yokuqinisa i-plunger?
Ubulukhuni bunyuke kakhulu, kwaye ukumelana nokuguguleka kuphindeke kabini.
Ubunzima bomaleko we-laser cladding bunokufikelela kwi-HRC 60–70 (malunga ne-HV 700–1000), obuphindwe kayi-1.5–2 kunobo bentsimbi ecinyiweyo esemgangathweni ophezulu kunye nokuphindwe kayi-2–3 kunobo bemaleko emveli e-chromium-plated. Kwiimvavanyo phantsi kweemeko ezinzima zokusebenza, ezifana nezo zifunyenwe kwiinkxaso ze-hydraulic zamalahle kunye neepompo zokomba ioyile, ubomi obuqhelekileyo benkonzo yeepiston bunyuswa ngama-300%–500%.
Ukubopha kwesinyithi kuqinile kakhulu, okuqinisekisa ukuba ukuxobuka kuthintelwe ngokupheleleyo.
Kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, umaleko we-cladding kunye nezinto ezisisiseko ziyadibana, zenze indawo yotshintsho lwe-metallurgical malunga ne-50–100 μm ubukhulu. Amandla okubopha afunyenwe ngale ndlela anokudlula i-80% yamandla ezinto ezisisiseko ngokwazo, ngaloo ndlela kusonjululwa ngokusisiseko ingxaki yokugquma kwe-coating.
Ukulungiswa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nemizamo yokulungisa ivumela ukwenziwa ngokutsha okukrelekrele.
Ukuqinisa kwendawo: Ukuqinisa kusetyenziswa kuphela kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo ezifana nemicu yokutywina kunye namacandelo athwala uxinzelelo, ngaloo ndlela konga iindleko.
Uyilo lwe-gradient: Lufezekisa i-gradient esebenzayo efanelekileyo ephuma kwizinto ezisisiseko ukuya kumphezulu, eneengqimba zokuqina, ubulukhuni, kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka.
Ukuphinda kusetyenziswe izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo: Iisleeve ze-plunger ezigugileyo zilungiswa ngokugquma, ukubuyisela ubungakanani bazo bokuqala kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwazo. Ixabiso lale nkqubo liyi-30% ukuya kwi-40% kuphela yeendleko zokuthenga izinto ezintsha.
Iinkqubo zokuvelisa eziluhlaza: ukuya kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo
Yonke le nkqubo ayinangcoliseko lwesinyithi esinzima kunye nokukhutshwa kwamanzi amdaka, kwaye izinga lokusetyenziswa kwezinto lidlula i-95%. Le yiteknoloji yokuhlaziya ebonakalisa ngokwenene ingcamango yokuvelisa okusingqongileyo.
IV. Izisombululo zeNkqubo: Ukuguqula iingenelo zobugcisa zibe yixabiso labathengi
Apha kwiGreen Laser Tech, asiboneleli nje kuphela ngezixhobo eziphambili kodwa sikwazama ukubonelela abathengi ngezisombululo ezibanzi zokuqinisa umphezulu weepiston.
Inkqubo yokulungisa ngokuchanekileyo: Le nkqubo isebenzisa indibaniselwano ye-micro-sandblasting kunye nokucoca nge-laser ukuqinisekisa ukuba umphezulu we-substrate ucocekile ngokupheleleyo, ngaloo ndlela ibeka isiseko se-cladding esemgangathweni ophezulu.
Isixhobo somatshini wokugquma esikrelekrele esinee-axis ezininzi: Senzelwe ngokukodwa izinto ezijikelezayo ezifana neepiston, sixhotyiswe ngenkqubo yokondla umgubo ehambelanayo kunye nenkqubo yokulinganisa ubushushu ngexesha langempela, okuvumela ukugquma okufanayo kwiindawo ezintsonkothileyo.
Isiseko sedatha sezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo sibonelela ngenkxaso ngokubonelela ngeefomyula zezinto eziqinisekisiweyo ezingaphezu kwama-30, ezihlulwe zibe ziindidi ezisi-8 eziphambili, ukuze zilungele iimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza ezifana nokusila okumanzi, ukusila okomileyo, kunye nokuguga komhlwa.
Inkqubo yeNgcali yeNkqubo: Ibandakanya amakhulu eepakeji zenkqubo ezilungiselelwe kwangaphambili zokugquma i-plunger, ezigubungela uluhlu olupheleleyo lweemveliso - ukusuka kwii-valve cores ezichanekileyo ezinobubanzi obuyi-20 mm ukuya kwii-hydraulic cylinder plunger ezinkulu ezinobubanzi obuyi-500 mm.
Ulawulo lomgangatho olupheleleyo lwenkqubo epheleleyo: Ngokudibanisa iinkqubo zokubeka esweni kwi-intanethi kunye novavanyo olungaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi, kuqinisekiswa ukuba ukuphambuka kobunzima bemveliso yi-≤3%, ukuphambuka kobukhulu yi-≤5%, kwaye uburhabaxa bomphezulu i-Ra yi-≤0.8μm.
V. Isifundo seTyala eliQhelekileyo: Indlela Amanani abonisa ngayo amandla otshintsho
Iprojekthi yokulungisa inkxaso ye-hydraulic yomgodi wamalahle
Kwiqela elikhulu loomatshini basekhaya bamalahle, kwalungiswa iipiston zekholamu ze-φ360mm. Iindleko zokugquma icandelo ngalinye ngalinye zazimalunga ne-12,000 yuan. Ngenxa yoko, ubomi benkonzo yezi zixhobo bandiswa ukusuka kwiinyanga ezi-8 ukuya kwiminyaka engaphezu kwemi-3, nto leyo eyenza umthengi akwazi ukonga ngaphezulu kwe-4 yezigidi zeeyuan kwiindleko zokutshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha.
