Uhlalutyo lwesicelo sobuchwepheshe bokuvuselela i-laser cladding kwiindawo ezingasebenzi kakuhle kwemishini kwimigodi

Kwicandelo lobunjineli boomatshini bemigodi, iimeko zokusebenza ezigqithisileyo zihlala zingumngeni ophambili othintela ukusebenza kwezixhobo ezizinzileyo. Iindawo zemigodi ezingaphantsi komhlaba zixinene kwaye zincinci, uthuli oluxineneyo oluhlala lutshabalalisa umphezulu wezixhobo. Ngexesha lokutsalwa komthungo wamalahle, iimpembelelo ezixhaphakileyo phakathi kwamazinyo okusika kunye namatye amalahle aqinileyo, kunye nokungqubana okukhulu phakathi kwee-scraper conveyors kunye nezixhobo, zikhawulezisa ukuguguleka kwecandelo. Okwangoku, ubuninzi beeminerali kunye nendawo efumileyo emanzini emigodi kubangela ukuguguleka okukhulu kwe-electrochemical. Oku kukhokelela kwimiba yokusilela okubanzi njengokuguguleka okugqithisileyo, ukugqobhoka okubangelwa kukugqwala, kunye nokukrwela komphezulu kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo kubandakanya amazinyo okusika amalahle, iikholamu zenkxaso ye-hydraulic yeenkqubo zemigodi ezisebenza ngoomatshini ngokupheleleyo, kunye neendawo ze-scraper conveyor. Ukungaphumeleli kwangaphambi kwexesha kwezi nxalenye akugcini nje ngokunyusa ixesha lokungasebenzi kwezixhobo kodwa kukwanyusa kakhulu iindleko zokugcinwa kunye neengozi zokhuseleko kwimisebenzi yemigodi.​

Ukujongana nalo mceli mngeni ubalulekileyo, ukudityaniswa kwetekhnoloji yokugquma ubuso be-laser enamandla aphezulu kunye neempuphu ze-alloy ezizinyibilikisayo ezigugileyo kuye kwaguqula izisombululo zokuphinda zenziwe kwiinxalenye zoomatshini bokwemba ezingasebenziyo. Ngokusebenzisa imiqadi ye-laser enamandla aphezulu njengemithombo yobushushu, le ndlela intsha ibeka ngokuchanekileyo iimpuphu ze-alloy kwiindawo zokulungisa ezijoliswe kuzo. Phantsi kokukhanyiswa kwe-laser, amasuntswana e-alloy ayanyibilika kwaye aqine ngokukhawuleza kunye ne-substrate, enze i-coating eqinisiweyo ebotshelelwe nge-metallurgical. Le nkqubo yokudibanisa yahlukile ngokusisiseko kwiziqhoboshelo zomzimba eziqhelekileyo ezifana ne-electroplating kunye ne-spray coating, isusa umngcipheko wokwahlukana kwe-coating ngelixa iseka iziseko zesakhiwo zokusebenza okuphuculweyo kwecandelo.​

Uyilo lwendlela yokwenza i-powders ze-alloy ezizinyibilikisayo ezizigugileyo yenye yee-cores zobugcisa. Ngokwesiqhelo zisebenzisa i-alloys ezisekelwe kwi-nickel, i-iron-based, okanye i-cobalt njengeematrices, ezi powders zisasaza ngokulinganayo amasuntswana aqinileyo njenge-WC, i-Cr₃C₂, kunye ne-TiC. Ngokongeza izinto ezifana ne-Cr, i-Mo, kunye ne-Si, ukuqina kwe-alloys kunye nokumelana nokugqwala kuyaphuculwa. Amasuntswana aqinileyo anokunyusa ubunzima be-coating ukuya kwi-HRC55-65, echasa ngempumelelo impembelelo yamalahle kunye nokungqubana kwezinto. Okwangoku, i-matrix eqinileyo inciphisa imithwalo yempembelelo, ithintela ukwaphuka kwe-brittle kwi-coating kwaye ifezekise ibhalansi yokusebenza "enzima kodwa engoyikiyo".​

Kwimisebenzi ethile yokuhlaziya, le teknoloji ibonisa ukuchaneka nokusebenza kakuhle. Kwimishini yokusika amalahle kunye namazinyo okusika imigudu, umphezulu wekona okwicala usebenza njengendawo ebalulekileyo edibana ngqo nelitye lamalahle. Itekhnoloji yokuvala ilaser inokwenza ngokuchanekileyo uqweqwe oluqinisiweyo oluyi-3-5mm ubukhulu kumphezulu wekhowuni. Amasuntswana aqinileyo kwingubo asebenza njenge "armor" ukumelana nokuguga kokusika amalahle, ngelixa i-matrix eqinileyo ifunxa amandla empembelelo, yandisa ubomi benkonzo ngokuphindwe ka-2-3 xa kuthelekiswa namacandelo amatsha phantsi kweemeko ezinzima zejoloji. Kwizithuthi ezikhuhlayo ezithwala izinto ezirhabaxa ezifana nee-central troughs kunye nee-transition troughs, ii-laser-clad clothing coatings zinciphisa kakhulu ukurhabaxa ngexesha lokuhambisa izinto. Ii-central troughs ekuqaleni zazifuna ukutshintshwa rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezi-3-6 ngoku zihlala iinyanga ezili-12-24 emva kokuphinda zenziwe. Kwiikholamu zentsimbi engagqwaliyo kwi-hydraulic mining exhaswa ngokupheleleyo yi-hydraulic ehlala imanzi kwaye inothuli, iileya zemveli ze-chrome-plating ezithambekele ekugqwaleni ngenxa yokukrweleka zinokutshintshwa. Iingubo ezidityanisiweyo ezimelana nokugqwala ezigqunywe nge-laser azigcini nje ngokwahlula imidiya egqwalayo kodwa zikwamelana nomonakalo wokungqubana ngexesha lokwandiswa/ukubhitya kwekholamu, nto leyo eyandisa imijikelo yolondolozo ngokuphindwe kane. Kwiigiya ezingasebenziyo kunye nezixhobo zendlu yeebheringi kwiinkqubo zokuhambisa iigiya, iteknoloji yokufaka iiglasi nge-laser ibuyisela ukuchaneka kobukhulu ngokusebenzisa iingubo ngelixa iphucula iipropati zezinto zokwakha ukuphucula ukumelana nokudinwa, iqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kokuhambisa. Yimisele ukuba isebenze.

Xa kuthelekiswa neendlela zemveli zokutshintsha iinxalenye, iteknoloji yokuvuselela i-laser surface cladding ayigcini nje ngokwandisa ubomi benkonzo yeenxalenye ezibalulekileyo ngokuphindwe ka-2-4 kodwa ikwavumela ukuphinda kusetyenziswe iinxalenye ezisele zisetyenzisiwe ngokufanelekileyo, inciphisa kakhulu imfuno yemisebenzi yokwemba iinxalenye ezintsha. Idatha ibonisa ukuba le teknoloji inciphisa ixesha lokungasebenzi koomatshini lokugcinwa ngaphezulu kwama-60% kwaye inciphisa iindleko zokugcinwa ngonyaka ngama-30%-50%. Ngelixa igcina ukuqhubeka kwemveliso, iphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwezoqoqosho kunye nokuzinza kokusingqongileyo kwimisebenzi yezemigodi. Le modeli yokuvuselela "ukulungiswa-ukutshintshwa, ukuphuculwa kokusebenza" iba ngumqhubi wetekhnoloji obalulekileyo wokukhuthaza ukusebenza okuluhlaza nokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwezixhobo zezemigodi.