Iimpawu ezisisiseko zeTekhnoloji yokuGqiba ngeLaser
Itekhnoloji yokugquma nge-laser, indlela yokuguqula umphezulu ephucukileyo kakhulu, inokwahlulwahlulwa ngokupheleleyo kwiindidi ezimbini eziphambili ngokwenkqubo yokondla nge-powder: indlela yokuseta i-powder kwangaphambili kunye nendlela yokondla nge-synchronous powder. Nangona yabelana ngeziphumo ezifanayo, indlela yokondla nge-synchronous powder ivelele ngeenzuzo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo. Ivumela ulawulo oluzenzekelayo olungenamthungo, olubalulekileyo kwimveliso enkulu yemizi-mveliso. Le ndlela ikwaqhayisa ngesantya esiphezulu sokufunxa amandla e-laser, iphucula ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ze-laser. Ngaphezu koko, izinto ezenziwe ngale ndlela azinazo ii-pores zangaphakathi, ziqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwazo kwesakhiwo. Xa kusetyenzwa nge-ceramic cladding yesinyithi, indlela yokondla nge-synchronous powder iyakhanya ngokwenene. Iphucula ngokumangalisayo ukumelana nokuqhekeka komaleko wokugquma kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba ii-ceramic phases ezinzima zisasazwa ngokulinganayo kuyo yonke indawo, ziphucula ukusebenza ngokubanzi komphezulu ogqunyiweyo.
Ukugqunywa nge-laser kuchazwa liqela leempawu ezahlukileyo. Okokuqala, inesantya sokupholisa esikhawulezayo ngendlela emangalisayo, esifikelela kwi-10⁶ K/s. Le nkqubo yokuqina ngokukhawuleza ikhokelela ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo esincinci esincinci. Ikwavula ithuba lokudala amanqanaba amatsha angenakufikeleleka phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokulingana, njengezigaba eziguquguqukayo kunye nezakhiwo ezingafaniyo. Ezi mpawu zikhethekileyo zesakhiwo esincinci zinika izixhobo ezigqunyiweyo iipropati eziphuculweyo zoomatshini nezomzimba.
Okwesibini, izinga lokunyibilikisa i-coating kwi-laser cladding lidla ngokuba ngaphantsi kwe-5%. Oku kubangela i-metallurgical bond enamandla okanye i-interface diffusion bond kunye ne-substrate. Ngokulungisa ngokuchanekileyo iiparameter zenkqubo ye-laser ezifana namandla, isantya sokuskena, kunye nezinga lokutya umgubo, i-coating esemgangathweni ophezulu enezinga eliphantsi lokunyibilikisa inokufezekiswa. Oku kulawulwa phezu kokwakheka kwe-coating kunye ne-dilution degree kuvumela ukuba kwenziwe ngokwezifiso ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zesicelo.
Okwesithathu, ukufakwa kwe-laser cladding kubandakanya ubushushu obuncinci, nto leyo ebangela ukuphambuka okuncinci kakhulu. Xa kusetyenziswa ukufakwa kwe-rapid cladding enamandla aphezulu, ukuguquguquka kungancitshiswa ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokuba kungene ngaphakathi kokunyamezelana kwendibano yenxalenye. Oku kuyenza ifaneleke ukucubungula izinto ezichanekileyo ngaphandle kokunciphisa ukuchaneka kobukhulu.
Okwesine, akukho miqathango ininzi ekukhetheni ipowder. Oku kuthetha ukuba kunokwenzeka ukufaka ii-alloys ezinamachaphaza aphezulu kumphezulu weentsimbi ezinamachaphaza aphantsi, ukwandisa ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-laser cladding. Uluhlu lobukhulu bomaleko we-cladding nalo lukhulu kakhulu, kunye nobukhulu be-single-pass powder-feeding coating obuqala kwi-0.2 ukuya kwi-2.0 mm.
Ukugquma okukhethayo yenye inzuzo ephawulekayo yokugquma nge-laser. Kuvumela ukusetyenziswa okujoliswe kuko kokugquma, kunciphisa inkunkuma yezinto kwaye kubonelele ngomlinganiselo ogqwesileyo wokusebenza - ukuya kwixabiso. Ukukwazi ukujolisa umqadi we-laser kuvumela ukugquma kwiindawo ezinzima ukufikelela kuzo, okwenza kube kufanelekile kwiindawo ezimile ngendlela enzima. Okokugqibela, le nkqubo ihambelana kakhulu noomatshini, iqinisekisa umgangatho ohambelanayo kunye nemveliso esebenzayo kwiindawo zoshishino.
