Iteknoloji yokugquma ngeLaser: Uyilo olutsha oluluhlaza oluxhobisa izixhobo zePetrochemical "ngezixhobo zoMsebenzi oPhezulu"

Kwishishini le-petrochemical, icandelo elibalulekileyo kukhuseleko lwamandla esizwe kunye negazi lobomi bemizi-mveliso esisiseko, ukusebenza kwexesha elide, okuzinzileyo kwezixhobo zemveliso yindlela yokuphila yokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo nangokukhuselekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, iindawo zokusebenza ezigqithisileyo—amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu, ukugqwala okukhulu, kunye nokukhukuliseka kwemidiya—zivavanya rhoqo ukuqina kwezixhobo eziphambili. Iimpompo, iivalvu, iipayipi, ii-reactor, kunye nezinye izinto zisebenza njenge "mithambo" kunye "nentliziyo" yenkqubo yemveliso, kwaye ukuthembeka kwemiphezulu yazo yangaphakathi kumisela ngokuthe ngqo ubomi bokusebenza kunye nokuthembeka kweyunithi yonke. Izisombululo zemveli, ezifana nokusebenzisa izixhobo zokusebenza okuphezulu kuyo yonke indawo okanye ezifuna ixesha lokungasebenzi rhoqo ukuze kutshintshwe izinto, azibizi nje kuphela kodwa zidla ixesha. Ngokuchasene nale meko, itekhnoloji ye-laser cladding, njengendlela yobunjineli bomphezulu obuphambili kunye nendlela yokuhlaziya, inikezela ngezisombululo eziguqukayo zokwandisa ubomi bokusebenza kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekileyo kwezixhobo ze-petrochemical ngokusebenza kwazo okuphezulu.

I. Imingeni Enzima: "Intlungu Engokwemvelo" Yezixhobo ZePetrochemical

Izixhobo ze-Petrochemical zijongene nomonakalo ikakhulu ngenxa yokuhlaselwa ngamakhemikhali nangokwenyama ngamajelo angaphakathi:

Ukugqwala kweekhemikhali: Xa kucutshungulwa ioyile eluhlaza okanye izinto ezikrwada zeekhemikhali eziqulethe izinto ezikrwada ezifana nesalfure, ikhlorine, iasidi, kunye nealkali, isiseko sesinyithi sezixhobo (ngesiqhelo intsimbi yekhabhoni okanye intsimbi engatyiwayo) sinokuchaphazeleka kukubola okufanayo, ukuqhekeka, kunye nokubola phakathi kweegranular, okukhokelela ekuncipheni kodonga, ukugqobhoka, kunye nokungaphumeleli.

Ukuguga Kokukhukuleka: Ukuhamba ngesantya esiphezulu kwee-catalyst particles, i-slurry, umphunga, kunye nezinye izinto ezisetyenziswayo zihlala ziguguleka kwaye zigugile iingqiniba zepayipi, iindlela zokuhamba kwe-pump casing, iindawo zokutywina izihlalo zevalvu, kunye nezinye izinto, nto leyo ebangela ukulahleka kwezinto kunye nomonakalo wesakhiwo.

Ukuxinana kobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokudinwa kubushushu obuphezulu: Ii-reactors kunye neepayipi zobushushu obuphezulu zisebenza phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu obuqhubekayo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba izinto zesinyithi zibe sesichengeni sokungcoliswa kunye nokuqhekeka, kwanokudinwa kobushushu okuqhekekayo ngexesha lobushushu obuhambelana nokuqalisa kunye nokuvala. Le monakalo idla ngokukhokelela ekusileleni kwangaphambili kwezixhobo ezibalulekileyo, nto leyo enyanzela iinkampani ukuba zivale rhoqo ukuze zilungiswe. Ixesha ngalinye lokungasebenzi elingacwangciswanga linokubangela ilahleko yezoqoqosho yezigidi zeeyuan kwaye libe neengozi zokhuseleko.

II. Itekhnoloji engundoqo: Indlela i-laser cladding edala ngayo "umzimba ongenakutshatyalaliswa"

I-laser cladding yiteknoloji yokwenziwa kwezinto ezongeziweyo esebenzisa i-laser beam enamandla aphezulu njengomthombo wobushushu ukunyibilikisa umgubo we-alloy kunye nomaleko omncinci kumphezulu we-substrate, ngaloo ndlela kwakheka i-metallurgical bond coating esebenza kakhulu kumphezulu we-substrate. Umgaqo wokusetyenziswa kwayo ekukhuseleni izixhobo ze-petrochemical ungashwankathelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Ulawulo lwamandla oluchanekileyo: Amandla e-laser beam axinene kakhulu, isantya sokufudumeza nokupholisa sikhawuleza kakhulu, igalelo lobushushu kunye nendawo echaphazeleka bubushushu kwi-substrate zincinci kakhulu, kwaye ukuguquka kwendawo yokusebenza kunye nokonakala kokusebenza kuyathintelwa.

2. Iingenelo zeMetallurgical Bonding: Umaleko we-cladding kunye nezinto ezisisiseko ziyanyibilika kwaye zisasazeke kubushushu obuphezulu, zenze i-metallurgical bond enamandla. Le bond inamandla kakhulu kunee-mechanical bonds ezifunyenwe ngeendlela zemveli ezifana nokutshiza kunye ne-electroplating, kwaye i-coating ayinakuxobuka.

3. Inkululeko yoyilo lwezinto: Ungayilungisa ngokweemeko ezithile zokusebenza kwaye ukhethe umgubo we-alloy omelana nokugqwala, omelana nokuguguleka okanye omelana nobushushu obuphezulu (ofana ne-nickel-based, cobalt-based, iron-based alloys kunye ne-metal-ceramic composites) ukuze ufumane indibaniselwano engcono kakhulu "ye-matrix bearing egqwesileyo kunye ne-solid surface bearing".

Kwizixhobo ze-petrochemical, ingakumbi iindawo zangaphakathi zemibhobho kunye nee-reactor, izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokugquma i-laser yangaphakathi zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukufezekisa ukucutshungulwa okuzenzakalelayo kunye nokufanayo kwiindawo ezinzima nezixineneyo, ukuqinisekisa ukugqunywa okusemgangathweni ophezulu kunye nokungenasiphako.

III. Iziphumo zokusetyenziswa: ukufaka ubomi obutsha kwizixhobo eziphambili

Ukusebenzisa iteknoloji yelaser cladding kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo zepetrochemical kunokuzisa iingenelo ezikhawulezileyo nezexesha elide:

Iimpompo (iipompo ze-centrifugal, iimpompo ezibuyiselanayo): Ukufaka isinyithi esityhidiweyo esine-chromium ephezulu, i-tungsten carbide kunye nezinye ii-alloys ezingagugiyo kumphezulu weendawo ezidlulayo ezifana nee-pump casings kunye nee-impellers kunokumelana kakhulu nokukhukuliseka kodaka kunye namaqhekeza, kwaye kwandise ixesha lokuncipha kokusebenza amaxesha amaninzi.

Iivalvu (iivalvu zebhola, iivalvu zesango, iivalvu zeglobhu): Ii-alloys ezisekelwe kwi-cobalt ezifana neStellite zigqunywe kwiindawo zokutywina zesihlalo sevalvu kunye nesiseko sevalvu (ibhola) ukuqinisekisa ukumelana nokuguguleka okugqwesileyo kunye nokumelana nokugqwala, ukuphelisa ukuvuza kwangaphakathi, kunye nokufezekisa ukuvalwa okuqinileyo.

Iinkqubo zemibhobho (iipayipi ezithe tye, iingqiniba, ii-tee): Ingakumbi kwiingqiniba ezinokuba nokuguguleka, ukugqunywa ngengubo ekwaziyo ukuguguleka nokungagugi kunokukhusela ngokulinganayo udonga lwangaphakathi lonke, kusonjululwe ngokupheleleyo ingxaki yokugqobhoka kwangaphambi kwexesha okubangelwa yimpembelelo "yokuqubha" kwendawo, kwaye kwandise ubomi bombhobho ngokuphindwe kathathu ukuya kahlanu.

I-Reactor (umzimba wekettle, i-agitator, izinto zangaphakathi): Udonga olungaphakathi lugqunywe ngumaleko weHastelloy okanye i-625 alloy ekwaziyo ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, i-carburization, kunye nokugqwala kwe-asidi kunye ne-alkali, ekwaziyo ukumelana nokukhukuliseka kwesixhobo sokusabela, igcina imeko-bume yokusabela ecocekileyo, kwaye iqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso.

IV. Ngaphaya koKhuselo: Ukutsiba ngexabiso elipheleleyo

Ixabiso letekhnoloji ye-laser cladding lidlula kakhulu "ukulungiswa". Kwakhona licebo eliphambili "lokukhusela okusebenzayo" kunye "nokwenza ngokutsha", elizisa uphuculo olunemilinganiselo emininzi kwiinkampani ze-petrochemical:

Yandisa umjikelo wokugcinwa kwaye uqinisekise ukusebenza kwexesha elide: Uphuculo olusisiseko ekuthembekeni kwezixhobo luye lwandisa umjikelo wokulungiswa kwezixhobo ukusuka kwiminyaka eli-1 ukuya kwemi-2 edlulileyo ukuya kwiminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwemi-4 nangaphezulu, nto leyo ehlangabezana ngokugqibeleleyo neemfuno zokusebenza "ezikhuselekileyo, ezizinzileyo, ezinde, ezipheleleyo nezibalaseleyo" kwishishini lanamhlanje leekhemikhali.

Ukunciphisa iindleko, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo: Xa kuthelekiswa nokutshintsha ngokupheleleyo izinto ezibizayo ezine-alloy ephezulu, i-laser cladding yomeleza umphezulu kuphela, igcina ngaphezulu kwe-70% kwiindleko zezinto. Ikwavumela ukwenziwa ngokutsha kwezinto ezilahliweyo, okunika ukusebenza okungaphezulu kokwezintsha, ngokuhambelana nemigaqo yoqoqosho olujikelezayo kunye nophuhliso oluluhlaza.

Ukuqinisa imiqobo yokhuseleko: Ngokusisiseko ukuphelisa iingozi ezifihlakeleyo zeengozi ezinkulu ezifana nokuvuza okuphakathi, umlilo kunye nokuqhuma okubangelwa kukuncitshiswa kobukhulu bodonga lwezixhobo kunye nokugqobhoka komhlwa, kunye nokwakha umqobo oqinileyo wobugcisa ukuze kubekho ukhuseleko. imveliso.

Isiphelo

Itekhnoloji yokugquma nge-laser, eneempawu zayo zedijithali, ezichanekileyo, neziguquguqukayo, iguqula ukugcinwa kwezixhobo kwishishini le-petrochemical. Ixhobisa ezi zixhobo zibalulekileyo zoshishino "ngesikrweqe esisebenza kakuhle," esizivumela ukuba zikwazi ukumelana neemeko zokusebenza ezinzima kakhulu. Ngokwamkelwa okwandayo kwetekhnoloji kunye nokuphuculwa kwenkqubo, ukugquma nge-laser kulungele ukuba yenye yetekhnoloji eziphambili eziqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwangaphakathi, ukunciphisa iindleko, ukuphuculwa kokusebenza kakuhle, kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo lweenkampani ze-petrochemical, okufaka amandla obuchwephesha anamandla ekusebenzeni okuzinzileyo kwamashishini amandla kunye neekhemikhali aseTshayina.