Itekhnoloji yokubopha nge-laser iluncedo kakhulu ekugcinweni kweemoto
Ngexesha lokugcinwa nokulungiswa kweemoto, iindawo zihlala zingafaneleki ngokwemilinganiselo ngenxa yokusebenza ixesha elide, ukuguguleka, okanye ukuhlanganiswa okungafanelekanga. Umzekelo, isihlalo sokuthwala se-motor shaft siba sincinci ngenxa yokuguguleka, kwaye igumbi lokuthwala liba likhulu ngenxa yokungakhululeki. Kwiiyunithi zolondolozo nokulungisa zobungcali, iteknoloji yokulungisa yasekuhlaleni ibaluleke kakhulu kuba ayinawo amandla okucubungula ngokupheleleyo nokutshintsha iindawo. Iindlela zokulungisa zemveli ezifana nokufaka ibrashi, umphezulu, kunye nokudibanisa okubandayo zisetyenziswa kakhulu, kodwa nganye inemida yayo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iteknoloji yokubopha nge-laser iye yasetyenziswa ngakumbi kwicandelo lokulungisa izinto zeemoto ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuhle kakhulu kokulungisa kunye nokuguquguquka kwenkqubo. Eli nqaku liza kwazisa ngokweenkcukacha imigaqo, iimpawu zenkqubo, iingenelo, kunye nokusetyenziswa okusebenzayo kweteknoloji yokubopha nge-laser ekugcinweni kweemoto.
1. Iimpawu zenkqubo ye-laser cladding
Itekhnoloji yokugquma nge-laser inokwahlulwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezimbini: ukugquma nge-powder feeding cladding ehambelanayo kunye nokugquma nge-powder esele imiselwe, kuxhomekeke kwindlela yenkqubo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukuvela kwetekhnoloji yokugquma nge-laser cladding (EHLA) ekhawulezayo kakhulu kuphucule ngakumbi ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nomgangatho wale nkqubo.
I-Laser Cladding eqhelekileyo vs. I-Ultra-High-Speed Laser Cladding
| Into yokuthelekisa | Ukugqunywa kwelaser okuqhelekileyo | Isigqubuthelo seLaser esikhawulezayo kakhulu (i-EHLA) |
| Izinga lokugquma | Ezantsi (ngesiqhelo yi-0.5-2 m/min) | Isantya esiphezulu kakhulu (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-50-200 m/min) |
| Igalelo lobushushu | Isantya esiphezulu sinokubangela ukuguquka kwe-substrate | Isantya esiphantsi kakhulu, indawo encinci echaphazeleka bubushushu |
| Umgangatho womaleko ogqunyiweyo | Izantya ezityebileyo zinokufuna umatshini wokulungisa emva koko | Ibhityile kakhulu (amashumi ukuya kumakhulu ee-microns), umphezulu ofanayo ngakumbi |
| Iimeko zesicelo | Ukulungiswa kweengubo ezijiyileyo | Izixhobo ezichanekileyo, ukulungiswa komaleko omncinci |
I-laser cladding ekhawulezayo kakhulu inokwenza uqweqwe olufanayo ngenxa yedama layo elinyibilikisiweyo elingaphantsi kakhulu kunye nesantya sokupholisa esikhawulezayo kakhulu, kwaye ayinaxinzelelo lungako kwi-substrate, nto leyo enokuthintela ngempumelelo ukuguquka kwesixhobo somsebenzi. Ifanelekile ngokukodwa ekulungiseni iindawo zokutshatisa ngokuchanekileyo ezifana nee-motor bearings kunye nee-journals.
2. Ukusetyenziswa Okuqhelekileyo Kwesigqubuthelo Selaser Ekulungiseni Iimoto
Kwintsimi yokulungisa iimoto, iteknoloji ye-laser cladding isetyenziswa kakhulu kwezi meko zilandelayo:
1) Ukulungiswa kweebheringi zeemoto
Emva kokusebenza ixesha elide, iibheringi zee-motor shafts zihlala zincipha ngobukhulu ngenxa yokuguguleka. Iindlela zemveli ezifana ne-brush plating okanye i-thermal spray zinamandla amancinci okubopha, ngelixa i-cladding ibangela ukuguguleka ngokulula. I-laser cladding ingazigquma ngokuchanekileyo izinto ze-alloy ezinobunzima obuphezulu (ezifana ne-nickel-based okanye i-cobalt-based alloys) kwiindawo ezigugulekileyo, ibuyisela ubungakanani kwaye iphucule ukumelana nokuguguleka.
2) Ukulungiswa kokuguguleka kwegumbi lokuthwala iibheringi
Igumbi lokuthwala liba likhulu ngenxa yokuphelelwa yibheringi okanye ukuhlanganiswa okungafanelekanga. Iindlela zemveli ezifana nokufaka imikhono okanye i-cladding zinomjikelo omde wokulungisa kunye neendleko eziphezulu. I-laser cladding ingagubungela ngokuthe ngqo umaleko wesinyithi kumphezulu ogugileyo, ize ibuyisele ubungakanani bokuqala ngomatshini wokulungisa ocolekileyo, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu umjikelo wokugcinwa.
3) Ukulungiswa komonakalo wendawo kwijenali, kwindlela ephambili, njl.
Ijenali yemoto, i-keyway, njl.njl. zinokonakala kwindawo ethile ngenxa yempembelelo okanye ukudinwa. I-laser cladding ingazilungisa ngokuchanekileyo, iphephe isidingo sokutshintsha zonke iindawo zeshaft kwaye inciphise iindleko.
3. Iingenelo zokubopha nge-laser kuneendlela zokulungisa zemveli
Xa kuthelekiswa neendlela zokulungisa zemveli (ezifana nokuwelda ngaphezulu, ukuplanga ngebrashi, kunye nokuwelda ngokubandayo), ukugquma nge-laser kunika ezi nzuzo zilandelayo zibalulekileyo:
Amandla eBond aphezulu: Ukubopha ngesinyithi kuqinisekisa ukubopha okuqinileyo phakathi komaleko we-cladding kunye ne-substrate, okuthintela ukuba ingaxobuki.
Impembelelo ephantsi yobushushu: Ukufakwa kobushushu obuphantsi kunciphisa ukuguquguquka kwe-substrate, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ifaneleke ngakumbi ukulungisa izinto ezichanekileyo.
Ukuhambelana kwezinto ezibanzi: Ingagquma izinto ezahlukeneyo, kuquka intsimbi engatyiwayo, ii-alloys ezisekelwe kwi-nickel, kunye ne-tungsten carbide, ukuze ihlangabezane neemeko zokusebenza ezahlukeneyo.
Ukulungiswa Okuphezulu: Ulawulo lwenqanaba le-micron luyafezekiswa, nto leyo enciphisa imizamo elandelayo yokwenziwa kwemishini.
Ilungele okusingqongileyo kwaye isebenza kakuhle: Akukho ngcoliseko lwe-electroplating, ukusetyenziswa komgubo omninzi, kwaye kuhambelana neendlela zokwenza izinto eziluhlaza.
4. Imida kunye neendlela zophuhliso lwexesha elizayo lwe-laser cladding
Nangona kukho iingenelo ezibalulekileyo zobuchwepheshe bokufaka i-laser cladding, isenemida ethile:
Iindleko Eziphezulu Zezixhobo: Iinkqubo zokugquma nge-laser zibiza kakhulu, nto leyo ebeka imfuneko ephezulu kwizinga loqoqosho lokulungisa iiyunithi.
Iimfuneko zeNkqubo eNgqongileyo: Iiparameter zeLaser kufuneka zilawulwe ngokuchanekileyo, kungenjalo iziphene ezifana nokuqhekeka kunye nokuqhekeka zinokwenzeka.
Imida yoBukhulu Esebenzayo: Ukulungiswa kwezinto ezinkulu kakhulu (ezifana neerotor zemoto ezinzima) kusaxhomekeke kwiindlela zemveli.
Kwixesha elizayo, ngokwamkelwa ngokubanzi kwezixhobo ezikrelekrele zokugquma nge-laser kunye nokudityaniswa kwayo netekhnoloji yokulungisa ushicilelo lwe-3D, ukugquma nge-laser kuya kusetyenziswa kakhulu ekulungiseni iimoto kwaye kunokuba yitekhnoloji ephambili yokwenza iimoto ngokutsha.
5. Isiphelo
Itekhnoloji ye-laser cladding, enobuchule bayo obuphezulu, impembelelo ephantsi yobushushu, kunye neempawu ezibalaseleyo zokubopha, ibonisa amandla abalulekileyo okulungisa izixhobo zeemoto. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-overlay welding yendabuko kunye ne-brush plating, ibuyisela ngokufanelekileyo ubukhulu obugugileyo kwaye iphucula ukuguguleka kunye nokumelana nokugqwala kwezixhobo. Nangona kukho iindleko eziphezulu zezixhobo kunye nemiqobo yenkqubo, ngokuqhubela phambili kwetekhnoloji, i-laser cladding kulindeleke ukuba ibe sisisombululo sokulungisa esiqhelekileyo kwishishini lokugcinwa kweemoto, inika isiqinisekiso esithembekileyo sokusebenza okuzinzileyo kwexesha elide kweemoto.