Umgaqo, iimpawu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji yokucima i-laser
Ukucima i-laser yinkqubo entsha esebenzisa imisebe ye-laser enamandla aphezulu ukufudumeza iindawo zezinto ezingaphaya kwamanqaku azo okutshintsha kwesigaba. Njengoko izinto zipholile ngokwendalo, i-austenite iguquka ibe yi-martensite, idala umaleko oqinileyo onobunzima obubalaseleyo kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka kumphezulu wemveliso. Le ndlela iguqula kakhulu ulwakhiwo lwe-microstructure kunye neempawu zeendawo zokusebenza ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza ngokubanzi kwezinto ezisisiseko, ifezekisa ukomelela kwamandla kwindawo ethile ngokucubungula ubushushu okulawulwayo.
Iimpawu zokucima umphezulu we-laser ziquka:
Uxinano lwamandla aphezulu: ukucima umphezulu welaser kusebenzisa umqadi welaser ogxile njengomthombo wobushushu ukufudumeza ngokukhawuleza umphezulu wento yokusebenza nokwenza i-austenite.
Ukufudumeza nokupholisa ngokukhawuleza: Le nkqubo ifikelela ekufudumaleni ngokukhawuleza kwimizuzwana (ngesiqhelo imizuzwana eyi-0.01-0.001), inciphisa ngempumelelo ukuguquguquka kwesixhobo somsebenzi. Le ndlela yokucima ecocekileyo nesebenzayo isusa imfuneko yamanzi okanye ioyile njengezinto zokupholisa. Xa kuthelekiswa nokuqina kwe-induction, ukuqina kwelangabi, kunye neenkqubo ze-carburizing, ukucima nge-laser kunika umaleko oqinileyo ngokulinganayo onobunzima obuphezulu (ngesiqhelo i-1-3HRC ingaphezulu kune-induction quenching).
Ukuguquka kweCandelo okuNcinci: Inkqubo yokufudumeza nokupholisa ngokukhawuleza inciphisa ukuguquka kwecandelo lomsebenzi, ivumela ulawulo oluchanekileyo lobunzulu bokufudumeza kunye nendlela yokuqhuba. Oku kwenza ukuba i-automation ingasebenzi ngaphandle kokufuna ii-induction coils ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zobukhulu obahlukeneyo benxalenye, njengoko kufuneka ngokuqina kwe-induction. Ikwasusa imida yobukhulu besithando enxulumene nonyango lobushushu beekhemikhali ezifana ne-carburizing kunye ne-quenching kwiindawo ezinkulu. Ngenxa yoko, ukuqina kwe-laser kuya kuthatha indawo yeendlela zendabuko ezifana nokuqina kwe-induction kunye nonyango lobushushu beekhemikhali kuzo zonke izicelo zoshishino. Okuphawulekayo kukuba, ukuqina kwe-laser kubangela ukuguquguquka kwezinto ezincinci ngaphambi nasemva konyango. Kwiindawo zesinyithi ezishushu kakhulu apho amaqondo obushushu okucima ahambelana kakhulu namanqaku okunyibilika, ukuqina komphezulu okusekwe kwi-induction kudla ngokonakalisa iikona okanye iindawo ezingahambelaniyo, okukhokelela ekukrazukeni. Ukuqina komphezulu we-laser kuthintela ngokupheleleyo lo mda.
Ke ngoko, ifanelekile ngokukodwa ekuphathweni komphezulu weendawo ezineemfuno ezichanekileyo. Akukho mfuneko yokuba i-workpiece elungisiweyo igutywe kwaye ingasetyenziswa njengenkqubo yokugqibela yokugqiba.
Ifanelekile kwiimilo ezintsonkothileyo: Ingasetyenziselwa izinto ezintsonkothileyo ezifana nemingxuma engaboniyo, imingxunya yangaphakathi, imingxunya emincinci, iindawo ezixineneyo, njl. Ukuguquguquka okunamandla: Ngenxa yobunzulu obukhulu bokugxila kwi-laser, akukho miqathango ingqongqo kubungakanani, ubukhulu, okanye umphezulu weendawo ngexesha lokucima. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ukucima okukhoyo okuphakathi-phezulu kufuna izinzwa zokungenisa ezenziwe ngokwezifiso kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo;
Ubunzulu beeleya eziqiniswe nge-laser buhlala buphakathi koluhlu lwe-0.3-2.0Mm ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nokwakheka kwezinto, iinkcukacha, iimpawu zomphezulu, kunye neeparamitha eziphambili zokucubungula. Xa kusenziwa unyango lokucima kwiintamo ze-shaft zegiya ezinkulu zokudlulisa okanye izinto ze-motor shaft, uburhabaxa bomphezulu abutshintshi. Oku kususa imfuneko yomatshini wokulungisa emva kokucubungula ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno ezithile zokusebenza.
Ukucima i-laser kusebenzisa iindlela ezimbini zokuskena: ukuskena kwebhendi encinci eneendawo ezijikelezayo okanye ezizinxantathu, kunye nokuskena kwebhendi ebanzi kusetyenziswa iindawo ezithe ngqo. Ububanzi bendawo eqinileyo kwi-scan yebhendi encinci buhambelana kakhulu nobubanzi beendawo, ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphakathi kwe-5mm. Kwizicelo zokuqinisa indawo enkulu, kufuneka ukuskena okulandelelanayo apho iindawo ezidlulayo zenza iibhendi zokuthambisa ezithambileyo. Ububanzi bezi bhendi buxhomekeke kwiimpawu zeendawo, kunye neendawo ezixineneyo ezizinxantathu ngokubanzi ezivelisa iibhendi ezincinci. Ukunciphisa iziphumo ezimbi zeebhendi zokuthambisa, kusetyenziswa ubuchwepheshe bokuskena bebhendi ebanzi. Le ndlela iguqula iindawo ezijikelezileyo ezigxileyo zibe zezithe ngqo, nto leyo eyandisa kakhulu ububanzi bokuskena.
Uphando, uphuhliso, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji yokucima i-laser okwangoku zikwinqanaba elinyukayo, nangona imingeni isaqhubeka ekucubunguleni izinto zokusebenza ezimile okweemilo ezintsonkothileyo. Nangona kunjalo, njengotshintsho oluphambili lonyango lobushushu, ukucima i-laser kwenza ukuba kufezekiswe iinjongo zobugcisa eziye zanzima ukuzifeza iindlela zemveli zokucima umphezulu. Okuphawulekayo kukuba, le nkqubo isusa isidingo sokupholisa imidiya ngexesha lemveliso, ihambelana nokuzibophelela kweshishini lehlabathi kwimigangatho "yokuvelisa i-oxidation ephantsi kunye ne-eco-friendly". Isebenza ngokukodwa kunyango lobushushu bomphezulu wezinto ezahlukeneyo zoomatshini, kubandakanya imiphetho yezixhobo zokusika, iindawo zokuvala iivalvu, iigiya ezincinci, iimolds ezincinci, iindawo zeemoto, iiringi zegiya, izikhokelo zezixhobo zomatshini, ii-motor shafts, kunye nee-reducer shafts.